Functionally extinct: the last northern white rhinos

Documenting a species that is on the verge of extinction proved a shoot like no other for Paolo Pellegrin. He reveals the story behind this project, discussing why less was more when creating images that pay tribute to the world's rarest animals.
Two northern white rhinos and a southern white rhino lie under a large bush at the Ol Pejeta Conservancy in Kenya, in a black and white photo taken on a Canon EOS R5 by Paolo Pellegrin.

Renowned photojournalist Paolo Pellegrin travelled to the Ol Pejeta Conservancy in Kenya to photograph the world's last remaining northern white rhinos, Najin and Fatu. In some of the rhino photos, they are seen together with a southern white rhinoceros, a breed which, unlike the northern white rhinoceros, has a healthy population. "The mother and daughter came from a zoo and had to be reintroduced into the wild," explains Paolo. "This other rhino was their tutor." Taken on a Canon EOS R5 with a Canon RF 24-70mm F2.8L IS USM lens at 35mm, 1/400 sec, f/7.1 and ISO 125. © Paolo Pellegrin

Earlier this year, Paolo Pellegrin spent five days in Ol Pejeta Conservancy in Kenya documenting the rhinos. "This story just seemed to encapsulate everything," he says. "They're wild animals, they're magnificent, the second largest [land] mammal in the world, and these are the last two of them." Looking at his images of Najin and Fatu, you're looking at a world that will soon cease to exist.

The pair of white rhinos are the only two remaining of their species on Earth, due to habitat loss and widespread historic and modern poaching for their horns. Following the death of the last male in 2014, a northern white rhino will never again be born naturally, although efforts are underway to preserve their DNA. In Paolo's minimalist, monochrome stills and moving images, you can sense the weight of their predicament and, at the same time, the strength, wonder and grace of working with these extraordinary 3,000kg creatures.

"In our day-to-day lives, we're not confronted by wild animals," says Paolo. "We might have a cat, but this is completely different." A Magnum member, Paolo is a renowned photojournalist and the winner of multiple awards for his images of conflicts and natural disasters across the globe. More recently, he has turned his attention to covering ecological stories, photographing glaciers melting, volcanoes, and seeing these geological phenomena as part of a living, breathing whole.

A ranger stands behind a northern white rhino. Only the ranger's silhouette and the rhino's back and stomach are visible against the sky in a black and white photo taken on a Canon EOS R5 by Paolo Pellegrin.

The relationship between the conservancy's rangers and the beasts was important not only logistically in helping the Italian photojournalist make a connection with the animals but also as a theme in his work. "We are there, trying to read them, but they do exactly the same with us," a ranger told Paolo. Taken on a Canon EOS R5 with a Canon RF 28-70mm F2L USM lens at 70mm, 1/5300 sec, f/2.8 and ISO 125. © Paolo Pellegrin

Building connection

In order to be able to make these images, Paolo had to earn the rhinos' trust. "Everything is very slow, very deliberate," he says. "You're lying on the ground, trying to get them used to your presence, gaining a little proximity every day, entering their mental space. As a photographer, you want to become invisible or to disappear in a situation but visibility is achieved through extreme visibility, through presence and connection."

Two rangers, who work closely with the animals and appear in some images, supported him in building that rapport. "They have established this quasi-spiritual bond," says Paolo. "It was wonderful to watch this unspoken communication, made of gestures and very slight, very calculated movements."